显示技术 1 2
(1)共轴棱镜(google glass)
(2)Bridbath(Rokit,RayNeo,ThinkReality,Xreal),一律共轴(光线传播是否按同一轴线传播)。
- 通过分光镜显示。光学结构更小,但是亮度低、透光率低。
- Near-Eye Bird Bath Optics Pros and Cons
(3)自由曲面(Curved Mirror)
- 自由曲面——棱镜——离轴棱镜(MIJIA,EPSON)。
- 自由曲面——离轴反射——大曲面(Lenovo Mirage,Rhino X,Meta Glass,RealMax)。
- 自由曲面——钻石——小曲面(ARKnow,Snapdragon x Goertek AR2)。
- 直接投影到曲面上。结构灵活,眼镜厚度降低,透光率提升。
(4)光波导(waveguide) 3
- 光机方案: 4 5 6
- MicroLED。RGB集成困难,缩小尺寸困难。
- MicroOLED。亮度受限。
- LCos(Liquid crystal on silicon):亮度很高,但是功耗高,占用体积大,对比度低。
- Diffractive waveguide 衍射光波导:
- 衍射表面浮雕纳米柱:WaveOptics镜片生产,Spectacles by Snap。
- 衍射表面浮雕倾斜光栅波导——B端:价格偏高,功耗高的方案。
- Digilens,光学厂商制作眼镜。
- HoloLens。
- Vuzix,开展很多行业认证以入局B端。
- Magic Leap:70度FOV。
- 衍射表面浮雕倾斜光栅波导——国内AR:(区分:玻璃/树脂,一维/二维)
- Geometric Waveguide 阵列(几何)光波导:
- Holographic waveguide 全息光波导。
- Reflective waveguide 反射光波导。
光机方案 5 4
Ideal see-through smart glasses must meet three criteria:
- the display light engine must be compact, around 1 inch or smaller.
- the display brightness specifications should reach at least 4,000 nits, and exceed 1 million nits for outdoor scenarios.
- the resolution must be at least 3,000 PPI.
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) | LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) | Micro-OLED (OrganicLight-Emitting Diode) | Micro LED | |
Technology Principle | Transmissive LCD a liquid crystal display with LED (light-emitting diode) as the backlight source. |
Reflective LCD combines LCD and CMOS integrated circuits |
Self-luminous a single crystal silicon wafer (Wafer) as the backplane. |
Self-luminous LED chips with three luminous colors of RGB. |
Pros | Mature technology, low cost, high color gamut, long prolife | Small size, low cost, high resolution, wide color gamut, high light utilization, | Fast response, low power, richer color, ductility, wide operating temperature range, high integration, small size, easy to carry, high contrast | High resolution, high brightness, high contrast, high color saturation and low power consumption, fast response time, thin thickness, long prolife. |
Cons | High power consumption, low contrast, low light utilization, large engine. | Slow response time, high power consumption, low contrast, large engine. | Low brightness, high cost, average lifespan, average luminous rate | High cost, complex technology, difficult mass production, mostly monochrome |
Usage | Apple’s Vision Pro, Xreal |